The Strategic Growth Plan for an SME Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

The Strategic Growth Plan for a SME - Essay Example Around then no one seemed, by all accounts, to be keen on the item. In any case, today Microsoft Vista is generally investigated and discussed even before its proper dispatch. come up short on a level of usefulness and accomplished little ubiquity. Coke began in 1886 when in May 1886 Dr. John Pemberton a drug specialist from Atlanta, Georgia began selling for five pennies a glass. The main year of activity finished with the figures of $50 worth of deals Vs the creation cost of $70 for example an overal deficit of $20. Today Coca-Cola Company is the world's driving producer, advertiser and wholesaler of nonalcoholic drink concentrates and syrups. Infosys Technologies, a worldwide counseling and IT administrations organization was established with some acquired cash by it organizer Narayana Murthy. Be that as it may, today it is dealing with the IT needs of world's who in the business field. Little and Medium Enterprises is subsequently the start of a monster stride for business planners and decided business people. SMEs need to improve their business aptitudes to assist them with enduring and develop. What is required to make a SME a contending and a major organization is a dream and a key development plan actualized with coarseness and assurance by the proprietors/chiefs. A solid SME part adds to an adaptable and light economy, making occupations, giving the establishments to the enormous organizations of things to come and adding to the country's drawn out development and global intensity. Firms can develop by interfacing with key nearby players including colleges, clients and examination focuses (Asheim and Isaksen, 1997). The fundamental hindrances to development for littler firms emerge through financing, association and rivalry from new items or organizations. A key development plan calls for dealing with every single such projection. SME Sector Undoubtedly China and India are in the cutting edge of worldwide turnaround in IT empowering administrations and business process redistributing. Both these nations have taken significant portion of the re-appropriating income from the created country. Since starting monetary changes and open arrangement in late 1970s, China has made enormous progress in financial turn of events. The economy has transformed from a midway arranged framework to a more market-situated one with a quickly developing private area. China presently is the quickest developing economy on the planet, with GDP extending at a yearly normal pace of around nine percent in the course of recent decades. China has begun perceiving the capability of SMEs and obvious endeavors are there to demonstrate the point. For instance, China composed its first SME reasonable in October 2004. In spite of the advancement in privatization, an impressive piece of China's economy stays constrained by huge State Owned Enterprises (SOEs ), huge numbers of which are named as wasteful and unfruitful. This moderate walk towards opening up of economy has forestalled its inflow drove re-appropriating into China somewhat. Significant recipients of the re-appropriating blast are the Small and Medium Enterprise (SMEs), that successfully implies less development potential for SME part. India then again has end up being a prepping ground for SME segment. With its mass migration organizations from Europe, America and different pieces of the world towards India, the thriving Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) division vows to be a development

Access Control System Project Plan

Access Control System Project Plan Brian Jerozalâ Task Scope Statement The task of introducing an entrance control framework in a residence is necessity which is originating from the Board of chiefs of school. Extent of the venture is to build up a framework which guarantee the approved access in to the quarters and record all the exercises which are occurring at the entryway of residence so as to recognize the potential danger who is attempting to get the unapproved access in to the residence. For getting passage, client confirmation will require which will occur when register individual will utilize his/her gave distinguishing proof card against the electronic nearness peruser. This venture is huge advance structure montage to guarantee the security at the grounds. Undertaking objectives is to executing an entrance control framework (ACS) in a residence by incorporating an electronic nearness peruser, application which will deal with this gadget and will do check of client structure made database and the current surveillance camera who will screen all the exercises and will record them so as to guarantee the safe access to the quarters. Deliverable of this task will be the video film of residence get to action and in general working framework. The understudy or suitable work force will have three chances to open the gateway on the off chance that the customer fails to open the portal on the third undertaking, at that point the alarm will go off. The ACS will moreover be planned to allow the security executive to make changed for the ACS tasks. These movements will be the camera positions setting the alert time and setting the time the quarters doors will jolt. The device uses a gathering contraption twist to control the RFID label embedded in t he understudy ID card which examines the impel response from the card. The response is then isolated and controlled into supportive data and deciphered by the security program. This method alerts the supervisor PC by methods for sequential line and hyper term. If the card is examined and it isn't in the code database a red LED flashes for three seconds. A committed group of 5 assets will be alloted for this undertaking. Generally venture cost including the equipment gadgets is $15,000. All out span of task is 3 weeks. First group needs to show an inward demo of this task and afterward last portrayal of undertaking will be done within the sight of load up individuals from school at the hour of venture conveyance. Five Major Task with Subtasks Undertaking 1 Installing the Electronic Proximity Reader Fixing the closeness peruser at the entryway Doing all the necessary association with the entryway locks In this errands need is to actualize physical peruser at the entryway. Prerequisite is to do all the association with the entryway additionally, so entryway can be controller for bolt and open procedure. Assignment 2 Development of Access control approval application Advancement of the application which will do the confirmation in Java Intergradations of the Application with the vicinity peruser gadget Build up an application in java which will have the option to bring from database and will get the ID detail structure peruser and will coordinate them. On fruitful match, it will send the data to control board to open the entryway. Errand 3 Creation of database Keeping up a database of the considerable number of individuals and their recognizable proof card Getting to Database with the Application Need is to make an information base of school which will have all the data about distinguishing proof as connection tables. Add usefulness in the application to get the information from Database. Errand 4 Application improvement for Handling Security Camera Application advancement for dealing with camera development and to taking care of recording process Putting away all the video to a mutual area which requires secure access Add practically to deal with the camera and its development shapes the application at whatever point some client comes at entryway and utilizations peruser to get section. Store all the recorded video at specific area Undertaking 5 Integration of Complete framework with surveillance camera framework Executing the interface among camera and application  By and large framework testing after the joining for complete procedure Make interface among boards and coordinate the whole segment. Test physically complete practically and video put away by surveillance camera. Gantt Chart showing the venture Tasks Framework graph of Application References Benantar, M. (2006). Access control frameworks: security, character the executives and trust models. doi: 10.1007/0-387-27716-1 Norman, T. L. (2011). Electronic access control. Recovered January 26, 2017, from https://books.google.com/books?id=TmRRTfAPfdYCprintsec=frontcoversource=gbs_ge_summary_rcad=0#v=onepageqf=false Rosenblatt, H. J. (2014). Frameworks Analysis and Design, tenth Edition. [Strayer University Bookshelf]. Recovered from https://strayer.vitalsource.com/#/books/9781337003186/

Human Resources Management. Basic knowledge Essay

HR Management. Essential information - Essay Example The procedure of globalization impacts both open and private divisions of economy. It doesn't impact business under the states of rivalry created by adding new members to the market; this procedure advances benchmarking as the best mean of creating business. For example, the specialists in UK are stressed with the way that experts from the USA and the remainder of Europe involve driving situations in different organizations or establishments of open area. (Tracker et al.) These progressions that influence serious condition and working foundation constrained human asset the board rethink its noteworthiness and jobs, and embrace its capacities to the requests of the current day. The way toward rethinking and revaluation of the HR job shows that the progressions have just begun, and this procedure gradually goes on. There are no examinations, mirroring the phases of the procedure, yet the pros talk about some noteworthy focuses that demonstrate dynamic nature of the procedure. In 90s HR experts characterized the procedure of changes that in the circle of HR. Dave Ulrich is one of them. A portion of his compositions are committed to this inquiry and the idea of advancement that happened in the circle of HR during most recent fifteen years. He attracts new jobs the circle of HR. ... This capacity likewise incorporates watching relations among workers and building up another job to keep execution on significant level - the job of representative hero. One progressively noteworthy job is given to change operator, who ought to be busy with the deterrents that may upset effective business advancement and with the methods of keeping the business seminar on right course. (Ulrich, 2005) In the article Job Call Ulrich gives a correlation of the jobs during the time spent changes, analyzing how the nature and motivation behind every job changed inside ongoing years. He identifies the accompanying jobs that were applicable to the circle of HR toward the start of the 90s: mentor, empowering influence, advocate, change operator, activity pioneer, representative hero, colleague, HR pioneer, tactician, fast arrangement expert, inner advisor, operational supporter, information facilitator, thought pioneer, competency proficient, customer relationship chief and even human capital steward and supervisor of firm framework. (Ulrich, 2005) from the get go, he recommended changing the terms characterizing the authorities, as the embodiment of their work and capacities changed. Representative victor - worker backer and human capital designer As it has been said above, he gave a structure indicating the progressions that happened inside these jobs. The first of them is move from the job of representative hero to worker promoter and human capital designer. To state all the more decisively, this job isolated into two separate jobs. Here is the meaning of worker champion gave by Ulrich in one of his past works: Representative heroes tune in and react to workers and locate the correct harmony between requests on workers and assets accessible

Mobile news and the future of journalism Free Essays

Question 1 . Clarify the impacts of the development of versatile news on the eventual fate of reporting. How generous do you believe these impacts to be? Versatile News and The fate of Journalism Digital, portable and visual advancements have given us new ways for society to discover and share news and data, making them a key piece of financial, social and social life. We will compose a custom article test on Versatile news and the fate of reporting or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Today, People everywhere throughout the world are progressively moving their utilization of news from papers and other customary structures, to versatile news and Internet administrations and this is because of these advances in innovation. As we are currently living in a computerized age, we are seeing huge changes in the Journalism business and new acts of Journalism are going on including the rise of portable news (the conveyance and making of news utilizing cell phones). Reporting is generally polished through news associations, for example, papers, broadcasting stations or news sites, however in a general public where the Internet and portable is getting first for news, Journalism has needed to progress so as to stay up with the latest with these new stages. Be that as it may, will the development of versatile news influence the fate of news coverage and assuming this is the case, how? A meeting was held in 2008 by the BBC College of Journalism talking about the eventual fate of Journalism comparable to progresses in innovation. ‘Today, as innovation changes the lives of the two Journalists and their clients, presumptions about what Journalism is and how it is rehearsed are being rethought. ‘ (The eventual fate of Journalism, papers from meeting, on the web). Dwindle Horrocks, executive of BBC world administrations and one of the speakers at the meeting, has perceived how innovation is changing Journalism and says that there is a conclusion to what he calls ‘Fortress Journalism’ and another ‘Networked Journalism’. Horrocks clarifies that Fortress Journalism alludes to Journalism that considers itself a shut framework, Journalists are the specialists of news and we hear them out. Though the new type of Journalism is ‘Networked Journalism’ and this considers the cooperative idea of Journalism; it’s about tearing down the posts and making it open to open permitting Journalist to speak with people in general. This thought of ‘Networked Journalism’, implies the boundaries for entering the news circuit are not as large as in the past. Anybody with essential PC abilities can set up a blog or a twitter account and can without much of a stretch talk about news with the world, and it is the procedure of remediation that has impacted these adjustments in Journalism. Bolter and Grusin characterize ‘remediation’ as a procedure whereby each new medium vows to change its forerunners by offering a progressively quick, real experience, for instance the medium ot versatile news is supposed to be a superior tester and increasingly associated then the mode of TV news. experience These new online strategies for disseminating news, doesn't fundamental destroy old raditional ways, I. . papers, TV and radio. ‘Technologies don’t kill each other; they improve or quietly transform each other having their spot one next to the other in the new media environment. ‘ ((Bolter Grusin, 2000). Reporting address: Remediation) We are presently hauling around the innovation that permits us to approach the Internet and news in a hurry on account of devices like cell phones and tablets. These quick advances in innovation have changed the manner by which we can get our news offering us this new mechanism of portable news. The intensity of martphones and their capacity to be all the more then Just a telephone has been a major impact on the rising fame of versatile news. With Millions of individuals possessing these contraptions, the Journalism business expected to reexamine how to react to this new type of innovation where data and news is accessible promptly and free. News companies have seen that a developing number of individuals are utilizing the Internet for news thus have attempted to fulfill the need for portable news by creating versatile web renditions of the sites for simpler access and applications for direct access to ll the news whenever. For instance BBC news, Sky news, The Guardian, Mailonline are only a couple of the numerous accessible news applications on cell phones. This rise of versatile news isn’t halting paper Journalism, however it is influencing it, causing a declining in the utilization of papers by society. ‘The extent of individuals perusing a national day by day paper has been declining in the course of recent decades. In 1978, †¦ 72 percent of individuals matured 15 and over in Great Britain had perused a national day by day paper, †¦ 2 percent in 1991 and 53 percent in 2001. In 2009, †¦ 2 percent had revealed perusing a national every day paper. ‘(Office for national measurements) It is plausible that the principle purpose behind the decay is this expanded utilization of the Internet and versatile news. Individuals are beginning to utilize and depend on versatile news benefits as opposed to buying papers or viewing the news on TV, and Journalist are in truth effectiv ely utilizing these social medias themselves to correspondence and cooperate with general society. The State of the News Media (2012): An Annual Report on American Journalism, found that Mobile news is significant in light of the fact that individuals feel they can, ave an effect on their networks, and feel more connected to the media condition than they did a couple of years back. ‘ ‘Citizens can not just read news from their nearby network, with tablets and advanced mobile phones, they can likewise share and post connects to stories, remark, or contribute themselves. ‘ (State of the Media: Annual Report) Now, Journalism has an intelligent discourse between association, networks, and people. World occasions like the Egyptian 25th January upset, was completely secured, by proficient Journalists, yet additionally by the individuals of Egypt ia cell phones and Internet. This correspondence and cooperation with society is a favorable position to Journalism as it takes into account better inclusion of the news. This ascent of new media has expanded the interchanges between individuals everywhere throughout the world and has permitted individuals to communicate through online journals, sites, pictures, and other client created media. It is additionally making Journalists Jobs simpler as they can utilize this client produced data for their own work. This implies New-media innovation is affecting built up Journalism yet in addition changing the Internet into a progressively open, dependable and valuable spot for data and discussion about news. ‘The advancement of the web implies that the procedure (news) is far speedier, increasingly worldwide in scope, and that the crowd gets even more a look-in. Oournalism, standards and practice pp174) So what does the future hold for Journalism since versatile news is turning into a well known stage? Individuals are getting a charge out of being associated with the world, recognizing what is proceeding to have the option to be a piece of it, and this has permitted the matter of versatile news to flourish. The mergence of new media is influencing Journalism to improve things. News coverage is turning out to be increasingly significant then ever before as news is being conv eyed to a more extensive crowd and having a greater amount of an influencing, as more individuals need to remain associated with the world by news. With the goal for Journalism to remain something that society needs, it must progress with the innovation like everything else in the public eye, so we are presently observing increasingly online Journalism then ever previously; the announcing of realities delivered and disseminated by means of the Internet. As innovation gets less expensive to make, more eople will approach the Internet and versatile news will increase a much more extensive crowd all around. The development of portable news has implied that news has become more client created, which means the shoppers partake really taking shape of the news by including content themselves. This may give the possibility that crafted by Journalist isn't protected later on as the crowds are additionally the supporter and makers of news, however Journalist have what it takes to utilize this data, give it setting and afterward report it, So Journalists will stay significant. We have likewise observed Journalism change hroughout the hundreds of years, from the ’19th century print machine culture, to the twentieth century TV and radio culture, to now, the 21st century advanced and online culture’. Oournalism address, Remediation). This change achieved better-propelled methods of getting news and individuals need and need it in their life. While some may choose the free, yet now and then not real alternative of news, others are as yet ready to pay without a doubt, precise and reliable news. Presently with the numerous alternatives accessible and the solid ascent of versatile news, how it’s conveyed will be down to the news orporations and Journalists, yet in the event that papers are to endure the effect of the web and news media later on, at that point stricter controls on news online ought to be made to urge society to utilize the conventional structures. https://idp.uwe.ac.uk/CookieAuth.dll?GetLogon?curl=Z2FadfsZ2FlsZ2FauthZ2FintegratedZ2FZ3FwaZ3Dwsignin1.0Z26wtrealmZ3DhttpsZ3AZ2FZ2Fauth-cas.uwe.ac.ukZ2FcasZ2Floginreason=0formdir=7 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/assets/idt-bbb9e158-4a1b-43c7-8b3b-9651938d4d6a http://www.stateofthemedia.org/2012/outline 4/significant patterns/ http://www.webcitation.org/ The most effective method to refer to Mobile news and the fate of news coverage, Papers

Joan Of Arc By Jules Bastien Le Page Argumentative Essay Example For Students

Joan Of Arc By Jules Bastien Le Page Argumentative Essay ?Joan of Arc,? was painted by the French pragmatist craftsman Jules Bastien-Lepage in 1879. ?After the region of Lorraine was lost to Germany following the Franco-Prussian War in 1821, The Frenchmen saw in Joan of Arc another and amazing image. In 1875, Bastien-Lepage, a local of Lorraine started to make reads for an image of her. In the current work of art, displayed in the Salon of 1880, Joan is demonstrated getting her disclosure in her folks garden. Behind her are Saints Michael, Margaret, and Catherine. (Subtitle close to painting in The Metropolitan)? Jules Bastien-Lepage makes a practical air, including a heavenly, strict like nearness inside his artistic creation. Oil on canvas was utilized to make the practical nature of the work. By intently inspecting the craftsmen procedure, obviously he utilizes sensitive brush strokes in a consistent with life way. The hues, and utilization of light appear to be painted in a layered manner to give the scene a feeling of profundity. The foundation of the work of art is a nursery which incorporate foliage and brush that encompasses the essential focal point of the artistic creation, Joan of Arc. The craftsman put an extraordinary exertion into the subtleties of the scene. Bastien-Lepage utilizes an unmistakable reasonable quality in his artistic creation which is noticeable in every individual leaf and branch. Different tints of earth tones, green and earthy colored being the most clear, are mixed together in the nursery scene. In the closer view of the work of art is Joan of Arc. She is painted with an apparently thicker paint strategy. This makes her an all the more effectively obvious viewpoint in the artistic creation, and gets the spectators attention. Joan is wearing a long earthy colored skirt and blue-dim shirt with white underneath which is the ordinary dress style of the nineteenth century. The apparel is painted to show its mileage. Her highlights and her figure are very practical. She appears to have a q uiet, yet pained demeanor all over, as if she is somewhere down in thought. By and large she is painted in an extremely point by point way. A less obvious, yet still present and significant part of the work of art are the three figures situated behind Joan, and before the house. The figures are to some degree straightforward, and spooky. Their quality includes a profound or potentially strict inclination to the scene. These three considers nearness mixes along with the landscape. Al three have radiances over their heads, and tranquil looks on their countenances. The holy person on the privilege is wearing what appears to be shield. He looks daring, and as though he is standing gatekeeper or going into fight. The center holy person is an imploring holy messenger. She is in a dress with a gauzy, white nearness around her. This whiteness gives her an ethereal quality which Bastien-Lepage has painted adequately, and adds to the otherworldly sentiment of the scene. Her essence in the canvas appears to speak to purity and righteousness. The last figure resembles a little youngster or kid, who is stooping with her face covered up in her grasp as though she is vexed. Maybe Bastien-Lepage painted these three holy people not exclusively to show Joan getting her dreams, however to outline the fortitude, strict yet uncorrupt figure that she was. Behind Joan of Arc, out of sight of the image is a house. Bastien-Lepage painted the house with the goal that the workmanship is noticeable. The house is by all accounts little in size, plain, and interesting. E ncompassing the house is greenery, trees, and a greater amount of the nursery which is seen all through the work of art. This artistic creation of Joan of Arc is critical. Bastien-Lepage can successfully portray Joan as the genuine champion that she might have been. This is critical on the grounds that at the time there were not all that numerous ladies courageous women like her. Bibliographyno chin-wiper Arts and Painting

Poppy Seeds and Opiate Addiction

Poppy Seeds and Opiate Addiction Addiction Drug Use Print Poppy Seeds and Opiate Addiction By Barbara Poncelet Barbara Poncelet, CRNP, is a certified pediatric nurse practitioner specializing in teen health. Learn about our editorial policy Barbara Poncelet Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on January 12, 2020 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 03, 2020 Lynn Koenig/Moment/Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Poppy seeds may seem harmless, but poppy seed tea can be a recipe for disaster. Parents of teenagers must be aware of the potentially dangerous use of the poppy plant and seeds used to brew a tea that causes a high.?? Why Are Poppies Popular With Teens? The poppy plant, more specifically the opium poppy or Papaver somniferum, is used to produce opiates. Opiates have been used successfully to control pain, but they are also abused because of their mind-altering effects. The opiates that come from the poppy plant include morphine, opium, heroin, and codeine. After they enter the body, opiates stimulate their receptors in the brain. When the opiate receptors are activated, it causes a rush of pleasure and then hours of feeling content, relaxed or “high.” Some of these receptors are in the “reward center” of the brain. The brain starts to want to repeat the positive stimulation and this can lead to addiction. The opiates not only cause pain relief and a sense of euphoria. Opiates can cause drowsiness and constipation.Opiates can also cause a depression of the respiratory system, meaning that the drive to breathe lessens.Too much of an opiate can cause respiratory arrest and death because of this one mechanism of action alone. How Poppy Tea Is Made Poppy pods, straw (the pods and stems) and/or seeds are used to create a poppy tea which gives an opioid high. The dried pods or straw are ground into a powder and steeped in water. This is a popular way to extract the opioids from the poppy and make a tea. How Potent Are Poppy Seeds? While poppy seeds used in food preparation are washed, which removes up to 90 percent of the opioids, the seeds, stems, and pods sold to make poppy seed tea are unwashed.?? Poppy seeds are not created equal, and everyone processes them differently. Poppy seeds can vary in their concentrations of codeine and morphine, meaning that the strength of the tea made by one crop of seed can be quite different if it is made from another crop of seed. Additionally, how one person metabolizes the poppy seed is not how someone else will metabolize the same seed. One study gave poppy seeds to volunteers and there was a big variation in how much codeine and morphine were excreted in their urine. The Dangers of Poppy Seed Tea Opioids are dangerous. They are highly addictive and addiction has destroyed many lives. Additionally, suppressing of the respiratory system that opioids can cause may lead to death by respiratory arrest after an overdose of the drug. A study has shown it is possible to create a lethal dose of morphine in poppy seed tea brewed at home.?? Because it is almost impossible to tell what the concentration of the active drugs might be in any one crop of poppy pods or poppy seeds, it is impossible to “control” the drug enough to avoid overdose. Poppy tea can be addictive and deadly. There have been a number of documented cases of death from the use of poppy tea. Poppy Seeds and Drug Tests Eating poppy seeds have, in fact, caused individuals to fail urine drug screenings. In the past, even modest amounts of poppy seeds have caused people to test positive for morphine, one of the opioids that are contained in the poppy.?? The Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), who sets the cutoff values for drug testing, has addressed this issue. DHHS increased the threshold for detecting opiate metabolites in urine to help prevent these false positives, so you or your teen can safely enjoy a poppy seed bagel. What Parents Can Do to Help As awareness increases about poppy seed tea, we will learn more about its use and its dangers. If your teen is brewing tea with poppy seeds, it is not a fad, but a dangerous practice that could kill. Seek help from your pediatrician, a counselor or your local drug and alcohol treatment center if you suspect your teen is using this or any other drug. Teen drug use is difficult for parents to address on their own, so dont hesitate to get help from those who have experience with the issue.

Top 10 AP Calculus Vocabulary Words to Know

Mathematics is a language. You need to know the terms and notation in order to successfully master the concepts. Out of the hundreds of key words you might find in your textbook, Ive complied a list of the top ten AP Calculus vocabulary words, which I hope will give you a good foundation for further study. The words on this list (with one exception) pertain to both the AB and BC versions of the AP Calculus test. And so, without further ado, heres your top ten! Top Ten AP Calculus Vocabulary Words 1. Limit The limit of a function y = f(x) (as x approaches a number a) is something like the ultimate trend of the values of f (near x = a). The limit notation, , stands for the phrase: The values of f get closer and closer to y = L as the x-values approach a. Its essential to understand both what a limit is conceptually as well as how to find limits graphically, analytically, and by algebraic manipulation. For more about limits, check out: What is the Limit of a Function? 2. Continuous We say that a function f is continuous at a x = a if the value of f(a) matches the predicted value coming from the limit as x a. That is, In more intuitive terms, this means that there is no break or hole in the graph at x = a. We also say that a function is continuous on an interval if its continuous at each individual point in that interval. Some teachers say that a function is continuous on an interval if you can draw the graph without lifting your pencil on that interval. Take a look at the following brief review for more information: AP Calculus Exam Review: Limits and Continuity. 3. Derivative The derivative of a function f is a (typically different) function f that measures the rate of change of the y-values of f with respect to change in the x-value. Another notation for the derivative is dy/dx. The derivative value f(a) also measures the slope of the tangent line to the curve at the point (a, f(a)). Three different tangent lines for a curve y = f(x). There are a number of formulas that go along with this definition. First and foremost, the limit definition of the derivative is based finding the slope of the tangent line using a limit. Its valid for all functions but is hard to work with, especially for complicated functions. Other formulas, such as the Power Rule, Product and Quotient Rules, and Chain Rule, serve to find derivatives of all kinds of functions. For more about derivatives and the various derivative formulas, check out Calculus Review: Derivative Rules. 4. Velocity (and Acceleration) Suppose an object moves along a straight line over time, and suppose the function s(t) measures the position of the object at any time t. Then the velocity of the object, as a function of time, is the derivative of position. That is, v(t) = s(t). The reason for this is that velocity is the rate of change of position (see item 3 above). The rate of change of velocity is called acceleration. And so acceleration is the derivative of velocity. In other words, acceleration is the second derivative of position. 5. Chain Rule Among all of the derivative rules you have encountered, perhaps the most useful and yet most misunderstood is the chain rule. The chain rule is a formula for finding the derivative of a composition of functions. What makes this rule so important is that so many important functions are actually compositions of two or more basic functions. You can find more details about the chain rule, along with worked out examples, by clicking AP Calculus Review: Chain Rule. 6. Logarithm The logarithm of a number is equal to the exponent on a given base that would give that number. For example, the logarithm in base 2 of the number 32 is 5. Why? Because 32 = 25. But thats algebra not calculus, right? How did logarithm make it to the Top Ten AP Calculus Vocabulary Words? How did all this algebra get into calculus Well there are two big reasons. First, there is a particular number called e that goes into defining the natural logarithm. The number e is roughly 2.7, but its not crucial to memorize the constant itself. Instead, youll need to be aware of the properties of the natural logarithm and its close cousin, the natural exponential function, ex. Second, logarithms play a huge role in certain derivative formulas. The technique of logarithmic differentiation uses the natural logarithm, ln x, to break down powers, products, and/or quotients into simpler operations so that its easier to apply your derivative formulas. Be sure to brush up on your logarithms before the test. Heres an article to help you do just that: AP Calculus Review: Properties of Exponents and Logarithms. 7. Slope Field A slope field is a certain kind of visualization of a differential equation. Suppose you have a differential equation of the form dy/dx = , where the dots represent an expression involving both x and y. The slope field is found by plugging in sample points (x, y) and drawing short segments of slope equal to the value of dy/dx that you get at each point. For example, below is the slope field of dy/dx = x + y. Slope field for dy/dx = x+y While it may seem at first that slope fields are hard to grasp, they are actually quite intuitive. I like to think of the slope field as a map of the currents in a river. Then any particular function that solves the differential equation is really just a path of a boat through the water along those currents. 8. Integral Integrals form a huge part of the AP Calculus exam. In fact you might say they are an (wait for it). integral part of the test! One important application of the integral is in determining area under or between curves. Integration is the reverse operation of differentiation, but of course theres much more to the story. For a good review of integrals, check out: AP Calculus Exam Review: Integrals 9. Series (BC only) A series is the sum of a sequence of numbers. When studying series you have to be aware of terms like convergent, divergent, integral test, conditionally convergent, alternating, etc. Moreover, once you have series of numbers mastered, then they throw series of functions at you! Those are called Taylor series or Maclaurin series. If you want a detailed review of this topic, take a look at this review of sequences and series. 10. Theorem Last but not least, lets talk about theorems in mathematics. A theorem is simply a true mathematical statement. For the AP Calculus exams, youll need to understand and be able to apply various theorems, including: Extreme Value Theorem (EVT) Mean Value Theorem (MVT) Rolles Theorem The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (FTC) Check out AP Calculus Review: Reasoning with Theorems and Definitions for more. Summary Heres that list of AP Calculus vocabulary one more time. Happy studying! Limit Continuous Derivative Velocity (and Acceleration) Chain Rule Logarithm Slope Field Integral Series Theorem